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Papillon Breed Standard
Toy Group
General Appearance
The Papillon is a small, friendly, elegant toy dog of fine-boned structure, light, dainty and of lively action; distinguished from other breeds by its beautiful butterfly-like ears.
Size, Proportion, Substance
Size - Height at withers, 8 to 11 inches. Fault - Over 11 inches. Disqualification - Over 12 inches. Proportion - Body must be slightly longer than the height at withers. It is not a cobby dog. Weight is in proportion to height. Substance - Of fine-boned structure.
Head
Eyes dark, round, not bulging, of medium size and alert in expression. The inner corners of the eyes are on line with the stop. Eye rims black. Ears - The ears of either the erect or drop type should be large with rounded tips, and set on the sides and toward the back of the head. (1) Ears of the erect type are carried obliquely and move like the spread wings of a butterfly. When alert, each ear forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the head. The leather should be of sufficient strength to maintain the erect position. (2) Ears of the drop type, known as the Phalene, are similar to the erect type, but are carried drooping and must be completely down. Faults - Ears small, pointed, set too high; one ear up, or ears partly down.
Skull - The head is small. The skull is of medium width and slightly rounded between the ears. A well-defined stop is formed where the muzzle joins the skull. Muzzle - The muzzle is fine, abruptly thinner than the head, tapering to the nose. The length of the muzzle from the tip of the nose to stop is approximately one-third the length of the head from tip of nose to occiput. Nose black, small, rounded and slightly flat on top. The following fault shall be severely penalized - Nose not black. Lips tight, thin and black. Tongue must not be visible when jaws are closed. Bite - Teeth must meet in a scissors bite. Faults - Overshot or undershot.
Neck, Topline, Body
Neck of medium length. Topline - The backline is straight and level. Body - The chest is of medium depth with ribs well sprung. The belly is tucked up. Tail long, set high and carried well arched over the body. The tail is covered with a long, flowing plume. The plume may hang to either side of the body. Faults - Low-set tail; one not arched over the back, or too short.
Forequarters
Shoulders well developed and laid back to allow freedom of movement. Forelegs slender, fine-boned and must be straight. Removal of dewclaws on forelegs optional. Front feet thin and elongated (hare-like), pointing neither in nor out.
Hindquarters
Well developed and well angulated. The hind legs are slender, fine-boned, and parallel when viewed from behind. Hocks inclined neither in nor out. Dewclaws, if any, must be removed from hind legs. Hind feet thin and elongated (hare-like), pointing neither in nor out.
Coat
Abundant, long, fine, silky, flowing, straight with resilient quality, flat on back and sides of body. A profuse frill on chest. There is no undercoat. Hair short and close on skull, muzzle, front of forelegs, and from hind feet to hocks. Ears well fringed, with the inside covered with silken hair of medium length. Backs of the forelegs are covered with feathers diminishing to the pasterns. Hind legs are covered to the hocks with abundant breeches (culottes). Tail is covered with a long, flowing plume. Hair on feet is short, but fine tufts may appear over toes and grow beyond them, forming a point.
Color
Always parti-color or white with patches of any color(s). On the head, color(s) other than white must cover both ears, back and front, and extend without interruption from the ears over both eyes. A clearly defined white blaze and noseband are preferred to a solidly marked head. Symmetry of facial markings is desirable. The size, shape, placement, and presence or absence of patches of color on the body are without importance. Among the colors there is no preference, provided nose, eye rims and lips are well pigmented black.
The following faults shall be severely penalized - Color other than white not covering both ears, back and front, or not extending from the ears over both eyes. A slight extension of the white collar onto the base of the ears, or a few white hairs interspersed among the color, shall not be penalized, provided the butterfly appearance is not sacrificed. Disqualifications - An all white dog or a dog with no white.
Gait
Free, quick, easy, graceful, not paddlefooted, or stiff in hip movements.
Temperament Happy, alert and friendly. Neither shy nor aggressive.
Disqualifications
Height over 12 inches.
An all white dog or a dog with no white.
Approved June 10, 1991
Effective July 31, 1991
Papillon Did You Know?
* The name Papillon means "butterfly" in French.
* The Papillon was known previously as the "Dwarf Spaniel."
* Marie Antoinette was an ardent admirer of Papillons.
* They were not fully represented in the AKC by their own breed club (Papillon Club of America) until 1935.
* In Europe, the drop-eared variety of Papillon is called Phalene, and it competes with equality in the ring against the erect-eared type.
* Papillons rose to fame in Spain.
Papillon History
The dwarf spaniel of the 16th century, depicted in many paintings by the Masters of that era, is the dog that became known as the Papillon. Although the Papillon owes its name and much of its breed development to the French, it was Spain and Italy that gave rise to its popularity. The Bologna region of Italy probably developed the largest trade, selling many dogs to the court of Louis XIV, transporting the dogs through Spain on the backs of mules.
This little hardy dog acquired it name as the breed developed the distinctive erect-ear type, the ears being set obliquely on the head and so fringed as to resemble the wings of a butterfly. Papillon is the French word for butterfly. This breed-type is said to have developed during the days of Louis the Great but the cause of the change remains largely theoretical. It is noteworthy that both drop-eared and erect-ears occur in the same litter and are judged together in AKC shows.
First represented in the American Kennel Club in 1935, this delightful little dog enjoys great popularity in both conformation and performance competitions. As ratters, they are extremely useful. Too small to kill a rat outright, they will worry it until it is exhausted then dispatch it quickly.
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Origins
As in many breeds, the origin of the Papillon is subject to many theories, however it is generally accepted that the breed is descended from the European Toy Spaniels that feature in many of the Court Paintings from the 15th Century onwards. These Toy Spaniels were firm favourites with the ladies of the Court and indeed it is rumoured that Marie Antoinette's own Toy Spaniel accompanied her to the guillotine. It is also generally accepted that the breed evolved in France or Belgium.
Known for its large erect ears, it is perhaps surprising to learn that the forerunner of the modern day papillon was the drop eared Toy Spaniel and although a few examples of the erect eared papillon can be found, the earliest known featuring in a portrait by Jacob Bogdani (1660-1724). It was not until perhaps the turn of the 20th Century that the erect eared papillon came to prominence. There would appear to be no firm evidence to confirm how the erect ears came about however they became a dominant feature of the breed. Despite the dominance of these erect ears there remains a drop eared variety of the breed, the Phalene, and although still a rarity here in the UK the variety does have much support on the continent. More about this charming variety of the breed can be learnt at http://www.phalenes.com
The Papillon & Phalene
The following comments of course apply equally to the Papillon and the Phalene, the term papillon is used merely for convenience and because in the UK it is the more popular of the two varieties at the present time.
The Papillon is a happy lively little dog, extremely intelligent and quite certain in its own mind that it is really a large dog in a small body. It has a lively and outgoing temperament and should show no signs at all of aggressiveness. It is quite happy enjoying long walks with its owner and is equally content curling up in front of the fireplace at home, or more usually on its favourite chair. Its coat, the texture of which should be silky and fine, needs little attention, a few minutes a day should suffice, ensuring no tangles have developed especially under forearms. ear fringes and trousers. A toy breed, the papillon should be between 8" to 11" inches to the shoulders, with fine bone. The Papillon is a relatively healthy breed and whilst Patella Luxation and more recently P.R.A. have appeared in the breed as a general rule the breed is sound. More details of P.R.A. can be found at the P.R.A. Information Website
Getting a Papillon
Buying a dog is not something to be undertaken without giving it a great deal of thought. Firstly is it the right breed for you and your family circumstances. In some circumstances Papillons are not an ideal breed to have with very young children or to mix with larger dogs, there are of course exceptions but accidents can and do happen and a small fine boned breed does not mix well with boisterous children or large dogs. Do you have the time to give to a dog, no dog should be left on its own for long periods of time, papillons are generally lively intelligent dogs and need company and puppies of course need constant watching!
Always buy a dog from a reputable breeder, when you visit to purchase your puppy the breeder should be quite happy to let you see all their dogs not just the mother of your puppy. If the breeder only shows you the puppy then ask yourself why. You may find yourself being questioned closely by a breeder, do not be embarrassed or annoyed, a reputable breeder guards their puppies well and will want to take the time to ensure that the puppy and you are well suited. A reputable breeder will always take the puppy back if it does not settle, indeed a responsible breeder will insist that should circumstances change at any time throughout the puppies life (which can be up to 20 years and beyond) they will always take the dog back. And of course a reputable breeder will be happy to answer the many questions you will have and give you advice on a whole range of topics, from grooming and bathing to care of teeth. The Papillon (Butterfly Dog) Club operates a Puppy Register and contact details can be obtained from the page on this site listing details of the Officers and Committee, just follow the main menu to Club pages. Speak to the breeder of your puppy about joining the Papillon (Butterfly Dog) Club, you will be able to enjoy the many benefits of membership including the regular comprehensive newsletter that often contains many interesting and informative articles about the breed and its care and welfare.
Despite their reputation to the contrary, toy dogs are not finicky eaters and these days there are many scientifically balanced diets on the market suitable for toy dogs. Generally the main reason dogs become finicky is that they are allowed to by their owners who worry that they are not eating enough, the answer with a Papillon is obvious, have two. They will eat out of competition and two Papillons playing in the garden give twice the joy!! Because these diets are scientifically balanced, it is not necessary for additional foods or additives to be given and of course fresh water should always be available. Always ask the breeder from whom you have purchased your puppy for a diet sheet. Changing a papillon's diet rapidly can cause an upset stomach at any time, with the added stress of changing home you are more likely to find this to be the case.
Fortunately the Papillon is not a 'popular' breed, although its popularity is growing as the secret of its charm and beauty spreads, and it may not always be easy to find a puppy, especially if you have fixed ideas as to colour or sex, indeed to find a pet bitch can at times be nigh on impossible. Many pet owners feel that a bitch may be cleaner at home than a dog, which is not necessarily the case, a pet male or even two together are just as likely to be quickly house trained as a pet female. Sometimes prospective owners feel that having obtained a bitch they should let the bitch have a litter, sometimes because someone has said it would 'be good for the bitch' or that 'it would be fun to have puppies'. Neither of these is true!! Breeding from your bitch is not something to be undertaken lightly, problems can and do happen even for the most experienced of breeders. Your bitch may have to have a caesarean (a risk to both bitch as well as puppies and an expensive exercise as well!!), you may be left with having to hand rear puppies every few hours day and night, a lot of time needs to be devoted to the rearing of puppies to ensure they are healthy and properly socialised. Reputable breeders will sell pet bitches as pets, not to be bred from and the Registration Papers will be endorsed to the effect that any progeny cannot be registered with the Kennel Club. Breeders will also expect you to sign a written agreement to the effect that the bitch is not to be bred from. If you decide you would like to breed and show papillons, firstly do your research about the breed, visit some shows (details of forthcoming shows can be found in the weekly publication 'Dog World') and talk to breeders, see which lines you like and be prepared to wait for the right bitch.
Should you decide a Papillon is the breed for you, treat your Papillon with the love and respect it deserves, in return you will be rewarded with years of love and enjoyment
Buyer should have a licensed Veterinarian examine this puppy within 72 hours of purchase or guarantee no longer applies! If within 6 months from the date of birth a licensed Veterinarian diagnoses this puppy with a genetic health defect that is Life Threatening and causes Death, puppy will be replaced with a puppy of equal value (as per original purchase price) as soon as one is available. There are NO cash refunds. In order to exercise such replacement option, Buyer must submit, from a licensed Veterinarian, a medical report stating that a severe life threatening health problem exists and the puppy must be returned WITH its AKC papers! Should a death occur due to an unknown cause, a licensed Veterinarian must perform an autopsy and a copy of the report must be sent to the Seller along with puppy's AKC papers before determining if a replacement is to be made.
ALL expenses are the BUYERS responsibility, including but not limited too, any and all Vet bills and the return shipping of original puppy and shipping of any replacement puppy.
Seller does NOT guarantee against Hypoglycemia, Coccidiosis, Parasites or other stress or environmental related conditions, Seller does its best to prevent them but they can show up unexpectedly.
Color, Weight, Temperament, etc, cannot be guaranteed!
Seller can only make an educated guess based upon the parents and previous litters.
Puppies are sold as PET QUALITY with LIMITED AKC papers unless other arrangements are previously made.
When you buy a puppy from me you are agreeing to give it the best INSIDE home possible.
This puppy is not to be Debarked for ANY reason!
If at ANY time you find you can no longer care for the puppy/dog I MUST be contacted and given the option to take it back!
By buying a puppy from me you have read and understand the above statements.
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